一、开篇名句（原文+权威译文）

英文原文
I heartily accept the motto, "That government is best which governs least"; and I should like to see it acted up to more rapidly and systematically. Carried out, it finally amounts to this, which also I believe—"That government is best which governs not at all"; and when men are prepared for it, that will be the kind of government which they will have.
Government is at best but an expedient; but most governments are usually, and all governments are sometimes, inexpedient.

中文译文
我由衷地信奉这句格言：“管得最少的政府就是最好的政府。”我盼望这句话能更快、更系统地落到实处。如果贯彻到底，最终会得出这样的结论——我对此深信不疑：“完全不管事的政府才是最好的政府。”等到人类做好准备，这样的政府就会出现。
政府充其量只是一项权宜之计，大多数政府往往不合时宜，所有政府偶尔都会偏离正道。

 

二、良知高于法律（核心金句）

英文原文
Must the citizen ever for a moment, or in the least degree, hand over his conscience to the legislator? Why has every man a conscience, then? I think that we should be men first, and subjects afterward. The only obligation which I have a right to assume, is to do at any time what I think right. It is not desirable to cultivate a respect for the law, so much as for the right.

中文译文
公民是否必须在某一时刻、哪怕一丝一毫，把自己的良心交给立法者？倘若如此，人又何必生来拥有良知？我认为，我们首先是人，然后才是臣民。
我唯一有权承担的义务，就是在任何时候都坚守我认定的正义。与其敬畏法律，不如敬畏公理本身。

 

三、面对不义之法（传世段落）

英文原文
Unjust laws exist: shall we be content to obey them, or shall we endeavor to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, or shall we transgress them at once?
Men generally, under such a government as this, think that they ought to wait until they have persuaded the majority to alter them. They think that, if they should resist, the remedy would be worse than the evil.
Let your life be a counter friction to stop the machine. What I have to do is to see, at any rate, that I do not lend myself to the wrong which I condemn.

中文译文
世上存在不义的法律：我们是心安理得地服从，还是一边服从一边等待修订，又或是立刻打破恶法？
身处这样的制度下，大多数人只会坐等说服多数人修改法条，他们害怕反抗带来的代价会大于罪恶本身。
让你的人生成为阻碍这台不义机器的阻力。无论如何，我绝不能参与我所唾弃的恶行。

 

四、个体高于国家（结尾核心句）

英文原文
There will never be a free and enlightened State until the State comes to recognize the individual as a higher and independent power, from which all its own power and authority are derived, and treats him accordingly.

中文译文
只有当国家承认：个体是更高、独立的权力来源，国家一切权威都源于个人，并且据此尊重每一个人，一个自由而开明的国度才会真正诞生。

 

五、全文标题信息

原文标题：Civil Disobedience
初版原名：Resistance to Civil Government
作者：Henry David Thoreau 亨利·戴维·梭罗
写作年份：1849年

如果你需要整篇全文完整版（完整英文+逐段对照中文译本），我可以一次性发给你。