（旅）系列十三，旅游百科全书 Series 13, Tourism Encyclopedia)

导游方法和技巧（五）

《中国文化集锦》
《A Collection of Choice Specimens from Chinese Culture》

英语逾甲子情缘
Over Sixty Years’ Love of Knowledge about the English Language

🌹5. Question-and-Answer
Introduction　
有问有答法

This type of introduction avoids the danger of falling into soliloquy. A tour guide should make the most of questions and answers in his introduction to mobilize the listeners' initiative and enliven the atmosphere as well as exchange ideas with visitors. This method of creating dialogue is an excellent way doing interactive tour guiding. 在导游讲解时，先提问后讲解或穿插问和答叫有问有答法。这种方法可避免陷入独白。导游员应充分利用问答的方法调动听众的积极性，活跃气氛，并与游客交流思想。这种创造对话的方法是一种互动导览的优秀方式。
Take the Forbidden City in Beijing as an example. Before doing any introduction, a tour guide can ask visitors several questions, such as: When was the Forbidden City built? How many room are there in the Forbidden City? What on earth is the area of the Forbidden City? The visitor is not expected to answer all these questions. The tour guide can introduce vividly to visitors the general situation of the Forbidden City by way of answering all these questions by him. This is question raising and question answering by the tour guide himself as though he/ she were 2 persons.
如北京故宫博物院为例，介绍故宫之前，导游员可问游客几个问题：故宫何时建成？故宫里有多少房间？故宫的面积？不要期望游客能回答所有这些问题。此时导游员用生动的语言介绍故宫的一般情况，一边回答所提的问题。这种集体问有回答的方式导游员成为两个人似的。
The tour guide can also employ the method of “the tour guide raises the questions and visitors answer them.” For instance, the tour guide can ask a Kasakhstan tourist: “Do you know how many people there are in Beijing? Visitors would naturally give different answers, although chances are none of them would be very accurate. Then the tour guide can state the real facts in a very humorous way.” If you know the population of Kasakhstan, you know the population of Beijing.“ In other words, Beijing has a population of more than thirteen million. The tricky statement would definitely make tourists burst into laughter. This cannot only help them remember the figure of Beijing's population, but it also lets them imagine what a big city Beijing is by enabling them to insert the new figure into a comparative context about which they already know something. 导游员也可应用“导游员提问游客回答”的方式。如导游员问哈萨克斯坦游客的问题，北京有多少人口，游客回答不同的数字，没有一个人回答的是正确的。然后导游员用幽默的语气说出实际情况。如你知道哈萨克斯坦的人口，你就知道北京市的人口。北京有人口两千多万。
Sometimes, the tour guide can also use the method of “tourists raise questions and the tour guide answers,” but this should not interfere with the guide's explanation and introduction. The tour guide should answer those typical questions first and leave those unrelated questions until some time later. The best way to accomplish this is to combine the introduction with the answering those questions. That would make the introduction more natural, interactive and effective. 有时，导游员可以使用“游客提问导游员解答”的方式，但这不能打扰导游员的讲解和介绍。导游员应先回答一些典型问题，无关紧要的问题后说。最佳方法是结合介绍回答问题。这使介绍更自然互动且有效。